Paper-cutting machine



No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

F.A.BE SSEY.

PAPER CUTTING MACHINE.

No. 590,472. Patented Sept. '21, 1897.

INVENTORS WITNESSES:

THE mums PETERS o0. mraumq. wAsamc-rown. c.

3 sheets sheet 2.

F. A. BESSEY. PAPER CUTTING MACHINE.

N0 Model.)

No. 590,472. Patented Sept. 21,1897.

WTNESSES: \NVENTOR ATTORNEYS.

m: mums mp2s m. wmo-umq. wxsmiucrun. o. a.

3 Y E S S E B A P PAPER CUTTING. MACHINE.

No. 590,472. Patented Sept. 21, 1897.

WITNESSES:

ATTORNEYS.

1': m mm m. muma, wummou. n. c

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK A. BESSEY, OF BROOKLYN, NE\V YORK.

PAPER-CUTTING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 590,472, dated September 21, 1897.

Application filed November 9, 1896. Serial No. 611,565. (No model.) i

chine in which the resistance which the knife meets in cutting the paper shall be transferred over to and increase the power and pressure of the clamp which holds and compresses the paper during the cutting operation. A further object is to embody this feature in a machine which shall accomplish the clamping, cutting, and releasing of the paper without reversal of the driving power and also by one revolution of the main driving-shaft, and a still further object of the invention is to construct a machine of this character in which the knife shall have a slow descent and a quick ascent and quick release of the clamp, to provide for a clean and efiective cutting of the paper and its quick release after being out; These featuresI propose to embody in a simple, economical, and efficient construction, as will be hereinafter more particularly described and pointed out. 1

In the form of my invention illustrated in the machine shown in the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side View, partly in elevation, showing the knife and clamp in raised position. Fig. 2 is a rear View of the same; and Fig. 3 is a side view,- partly in elevation, showing the knife and clamp in lowered position.

Referring to the drawings by letter, A represents the bed of the machine, upon which the pile of paper B to be cut rests, and a a the frame supporting the bed A. O represents the clamp, and-D the knife, all of these ion 0 is mounted upon shaft 17 and meshes with a gear-wheel cl, fixed upon shaft e, which shaft is j ournaled in links f f, the latter hanging from and journaled upon shaft 1). The length of shaft e being less than the inner width of the frame the formeris therefore free to oscillate around shaft 1) inside of the frame. A similar arrangement is followed with respect to clampshaft 1', which carries a gear-wheel h, meshing with a pinion g upon shaft 6, the clampshaft 2''" being journaled in links is k, hanging from shaft e.- Shaft 2', however, as will be observed, is longer than the width of the frame and its ends'extend through openings 2" in the frame, the openings being such that such movement of the shaft as may be necessary will not be interfered with. Shaft i in turn is j ournaled in links Z Z, which hang upon shaft m, the latter being fixed or fixedly journaled in the frame.

The arrangement aboy e described, it will be noted, allows shaft 2' to move upward or around shaft m and provides for proper adjustment of shaft 6 and the pinionsand gearwheels while such movement is takin g place. By means of the pinions and gear-wheels the speed of rotation of the shaft 2', upon which, it is obvious, the full power of the machine is centered, is reduced to the speed at which it is desired to operate the knife.

Upon the ends of shaft 2' outside of theframe and upon the ends of shaft m, which also extend beyond the frame, are respectively fixed gear-wheels 'n n and 0 0, meshing with each other. For a purpose to be hereinafter explained I prefer to use elliptical gear-wheels, as shown in the drawings, but it is to be understood that any convenient gear-wheels or other devices may be used, and Ido not herein limit myself to elliptical gear. On the contrary I consider within the scope and terms of my invention any means for accomplish ing the same or substantially the same results as the gear-wheels illustrated herein. Likewise it may be noted here that inpractice it may be found expedient to dispense with one or more of the shafts, gear-wheels, pinions, or links heretofore described or modify those shown according to circumstances, inasmuch the main driving-shaft or causing said shaft or its gear to mount upon or be rotated about gear-wheel 0 or its equivalent, as hereinafter described, to be within the scope of my invention. The dimensions of the gear-wheels and the number and pitch of the teeth thereon is a matter of calculation andadjustment to suit individual machines. It may be stated generally,however,that wheels of small width proportionate to their length will not give satisfactory results if mounted upon shafts so that the wheels will mesh, as shown in the drawings, without adjustment of the teeth of the wheels. I have found that wheels of relatively the same proportions as shown in the drawings will give the smoothest and best operation of the machine. The disposition of the shafts is also a matter of judgment, but the arrangement shown in the drawings is one which will utilize every part of the apparatus and throw great weight upon the clamp. A clamp-rod p and a knife-rod g respectively connect gear-wheel n with the clamp and gear-wheel o with the knife.

In the operation of the machine above described power is applied to shaft 1) to rotate it in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1. Through the intermediate mechanism of pinion c, gear-wheel d, pinion g, and gear-wheel h shaft i is rotated at the desired speed in the direction of the arrow. Gearwheel n, carried by shaft 1', rotates in the same direction and by its rotation draws the clamp 0 down upon the pile of paper. When the clamp strikes the paper and its downward movement is interrupted, the movement of gear-wheel it about shaft 2' is also interrupted, and the power of the machine still impelling it forward it begins to revolve about point it, the point of connection of clamp-rod p to wheel 41. The result is that the entire weight of shaft 11 and its attachments, together with a portion of the power which drives the machine, is thrown directly upon clamp-rod p, which draws the clamp down upon the paper. All the rest of the power is directly against the gear-wheel 0, which draws down the cutting-knife D. Point 12 is free to move to or from shaft m by reason of swinging or pivotal movement of clamp-rod p, and therefore from the time the clamp is interrupted by the pile of paper until the knife has reached the end of its stroke the meshing and consequent corotation of gear-wheels n' and 0 will cause clamp-rod p and point at to swing away from shaft m and shaft 'iwill be swung upward between the two, this movement being permitted by the adjustment of the shafts journaled in links f f and is k heretofore described.

The resistance of the paper against the knife tends to draw back knife-rod q and reverse wheel 0, butareversal of wheel 0 would only tend to force shafti more heavily downward and thereby increase the clamping pressure, inasmuch as the tendency would be merely to shift the center of the weight slightly in respect to point n, upon which gear-wheel n is then turning. Continued revolution of gear-wheel n draws the knife D, through the medium of gear-wheel o and knife-rod q, entirely through its path of move-- ment, which, of course, is at all times constant, and then raises both knife and clamp to their elevated position. It will thus be seen that I have accomplished the transference of the resistance to the knife to reinforce the power of the clamp during the cutting operations and have constructed a machine in which the clamping, cutting, and releasing operations are performed by one revolution of the main driving-shaft and without reversal of driving power, the same being accomplished evenly and without loss of power.

A further result I desire to attain is to accomplish the above results, or either of them, in a machine in which the knife shall descend slowly after the paper is clamped, in order to insure an even and regular cutting ofthe paper, and in which after the paper has been cut the knife and clamp shall both be quickly elevated to permit the removal of the paper without difficulty. These results I am able to accomplish by the utilization of elliptical gear-wheels n and 0. The centers and points of connection with clamp-rod p and kniferod (1 may be varied to suit the demand of practical construction and to produce any desired speed or length of stroke of the knife and clamp; but I have shown in the drawings the form of machine constructed in accordance with my invention which I deem to be the best practical form thereof, and in this form I have so mounted the gear-wheels 'n and 0 that they will be eccentric as well as elliptical and so connected clamp-rod p and knife-rod q thereto that q shall be connected to the short end of its elliptical gear and 79 to the long end of its elliptical gear. It will then be seen that in operation, after the IOO clamp has been interrupted, gear it must revolve about half a revolution before the knife will complete its stroke, whereas only about one-quarter of a revolution further on the part of gear n will be required to rotate gear 0 sufficiently to entirely raise the knife. A further advantage resulting from the employment of the elliptical gear is the increased leverage gained by the power upon the knife during its downward stroke.

It will be observed that the desirable feature of securing a slow out and a quick return is accomplished in the above-described apparatus irrespective of the change in cen ters as hereinbefore described. It may also be seen that the same result might be attained by the use of changing centers irrespective of the elliptical gear. Either of these means I consider to be within the scope and claims of my invention. Furthermore, the invention, although herein described with particular reference to the cutting of paper, is applicable to the cutting of any other substance.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp and knife, of two rotating devices, one of which is actuated by the other, a clamp-rod pivotally connected at one end to one of said devices and at the other end to the clamp, and a knife-rod pivotally connected at one end to the other of said actuating devices and at the other end to the knife, for the purpose set forth.

2. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp and knife, of a rotatable knife-shaft fixedly j ournaled in the frame, a rotatable clam p-sh aft movably j ournaled in the frame, one of said shafts being actuated by the other, a clam p-rod pivoted to and reciprocated by a device upon the clamp-shaft and connected with the clamp, and a knife-rod pivoted to and reciprocated by a device upon the knife-shaft and connected with the knife, whereby a single revolution of each of said shafts will accomplish the lowering and raising of said clamp and knife, substantially as described.

3. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp and knife, of a rotatable clamp-actuating device, a rotatable knifeactuating device, and two rods respectively connected with the clamp and knife and pivoted to the respective actuating devices, the said actuating devices being adapted to operate without reversal of direction of move ment, substantially as described.

4. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp-shaft, clamp and knife, of a clamp-rod pivoted to a device upon the clamp-shaft at one end and to the clamp at the other end, a rotatable knife-actuating device, and a knife-rod pivoted at one end to the said actuating device and at the other end to the knife, said devices being adapted to continue the clamping, cutting and releasing of the paper without reversal of direction of movement of said clamp-shaft, or knife-actuating device, and to accomplish all of said operations by one revolution of said clampshaft, substantially as described.

5. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp and knife, of a rotating clan1p-operating device, a rotating knifeoperating device, and two rods respectively pivoted at one end to the clamp and knife and at the other end to the respective operating devices, the rotation of said devices being contemporaneous, substantially as described.

6. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp and knife, of a rotating clamp-operating device, a rotatingknifeoperating device, and two rods respectively pivoted at one end to the clamp 'and'knife and at the other end to the respective operating devices, the rotation of either of said operating devices being controlled by the other, substantially as described.

7. In a paper-cutting machine, the combi nation with the clamp and knife, of two gearwheels meshing with each other and respectively connected directly with the clamp and knife by a clamp-rod and a knife-rod, and means for rotating one of said wheels, substantially as described' 8. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp and knife, of a gearwheel mounted on a shaft fixedly journaled in the frame, a second gear-wheel meshing with said first-named wheel and adapted to oscillate about the same, a cla-mp-rod'connecting one of said gear-wheels directly with the clamp, a knife-rod connecting the other wheel directly with the knife, and means for rotating one of said wheels, substantially as described.

9. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp and knife, of two rotating elliptical gear-wheels meshing with each other, and connections respectively between one of the gear-wheels and the clamp 9 10. In a paper-cutting machine, the combi nation with the clamp and knife, of two rotating eccentrically mounted gear wheels meshing with each other, and connections respectivelybetween one of the gear-wheels and the clamp and between the other gear-wheel and the knife, substantially as described.

11. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp and knife, of a rotating knife operating shaft and a rotating clamp-operating shaft, one of said shafts being actuated by the other, devices mounted upon the respective shafts, connections respectively between the clamp and the device mounted upon the clamp-shaft and between the knife and the device mounted upon the knife-shaft, and means whereby oneof said shafts is permitted to move about the other as an axis, the rotation of said shafts being continuous throughout the operation of the machine, substantially as described.

12. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp and knife, of gearwheels meshing with each other and mounted upon shafts journaled to each other by links, one of said shafts being mounted in bearings fixed in the frame and the other being mounted in movable bearings, connections between said clamp and knife and the respective gearwheels, a power-driven shaft mounted in bearings fixed in the frame, a shaft journaled to said power-driven shaft and to said movable shaft by links, and devices for transferring power from said power-driven shaft to said movable shaft, substantially as described.

13. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp and knife, of two shafts respectively actuating said clamp and knife and to said movable shaft by links and (levices for transferring power from said powerdriven shaft to said movable shaft, substantially as described.

14. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp and knife, of eccentrically-mounted elliptical gear-wheels meshing with each other and mounted upon shafts journaled to each other by links, one of said shafts being fixed in the frame and the other being movable, connections between said clamp and knife and the long and short ends respectively of said gear-wheels, a powerdriven shaft fixed in the frame, a shaft journaled to said power-driven shaft and to said movable shaft by links, and gear-wheel connections between said power-driven shaft and said movable shaft,snbstantially as described.

15. In a paper-cutting machine, the combination with the clamp andknife, of eccentrically-mounted elliptical gear-wheels meshing with each other and mounted upon shafts journaled to each other by links, one of said shafts being fixed in the frame and the other 

